Deepakshi Chaudhary is a Tennis writer at EssentiallySports. Watching Serena Williams dominate the WTA for over two decades and Rafael Nadal claiming 14 Roland Garros inspired Deepakshi to follow tennis. Given her love for the sport, Serena’s strength has always been an inspiration for her. Beyond her liking for swiftly swinging rackets, Deepakshi is a national level track and field athlete, who infuses her passion and experience from the track into writing articles to stay connected to the American audience. She worked as an Editor at EssentiallySports before transitioning into a writer. In her leisure time, she loves to read, go for a run, or step into the boxing ring.

In the past year, the world of athletics has seen a rising star in Fred Kerley. With his determination and hard work, the athlete has remained consistent in his performances. He has only one goal in his mind, which is to become the next GOAT of track and field. The athlete previously used to run the 200, and the 400m, but he later switched to the 100m. This change paid off when he won the Silver medal at the Tokyo Summer Olympics 2020. The 2022 Athletic season has kicked off in full force. Back-to-back events are being held, all of which will ultimately lead up to the World Athletics Championships in June. The Kip Keino Classic on Saturday was also one of them. Kerley was one of the most awaited athletes at the event, as he would take part in the 100m. However, things took an upsetting turn for the American. FRED KERLEY FACES A HUGE UPSET AT THE KIP KEINO CLASSIC Right before he stepped foot on the track, Fred Kerley [https://www.essentiallysports.com/tag/fred-kerley/] took his Twitter to express that he was confident enough to win the race. Notably, his biggest competitor at this event was Ferdinand Omanyala, Africa’s Fastest Man. READ MORE:?Is Fred Kerley The Most Consistent Sprinter In The World? [https://www.essentiallysports.com/us-sports-news-track-and-field-news-is-fred-kerley-the-most-consistent-sprinter-in-the-world/] The sprinter kicked off with great speed, but however, it was Omanyala who blazed past him and won the race. Omanayala clocked a final timing of 9.85 seconds, winning the Kip Keino title. Kerley followed close behind with a final time of 9.92 seconds. However, it was not enough for him to win the title. The event notably started with a false start for Kerley, and that might have caught him off guard. Nonetheless, this is a great start to the season for Fred Kerley, who is one of the most versatile sprinters. Kerley’s personal best [https://worldathletics.org/athletes/united-states/fred-kerley-14504382] stands at 9.84 seconds. Watch This Story: How much of Liverpool Does LeBron James Own? [https://www.essentiallysports.com/stories/nba-basketball-news-how-much-of-liverpool-does-lebron-james-own/] Although this is a huge upset for the American sprinter, who came to win, this is just the start of the season and Kerley will have enough chances on his hand to prove himself. 

Olympic medalist Fred Kerley barely misses out on Kip Keino title, as African rival runs past him in, what was a race to watch!

Richa Goswami is a US Sports writer at EssentiallySports. As an adherent
learner, she uses her journalistic persona to navigate through new skills. Richa
has completed her schooling at Don Bosco. Notably, she recently graduated with a
Bachelor's degree in English from St. Anthony's College. Over the years, Richa's
familiarity with writing grew, bagging commendable accolades at several poetry
competitions. Apart from writing, she has been actively involved in COVID-19
relief work. The humanitarian spent the unprecedented lockdown as a volunteer
for 'Ghy Fights Covid', an organization assisting those affected by the
pandemic. When not putting pen to paper, Richa spends her time experimenting in
the kitchen, treating her taste buds to savoring dishes.

https://image-cdn.essentiallysports.com/wp-content/uploads/Richa_Goswami-96x96.png

Richa Goswami

Athletics - Men's 100m - Final

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<em>Speed. Technique. Thrill.</em> Track and Field is a sport that incorporates all this and more. Races so electrifying that they bring the house down, speeds so blazing that you might miss them in the blink of an eye, and rivalries so intense that there is a constant tussle for dominance. Well, the recently concluded 2024 Paris Olympics provided a hearty dose of track action. And now, the ongoing Diamond League circuit is ensuring that track fans continue to be on the edge of their seats. But, do you know what the initial days of this fascinating sport looked like?
<h2>Track and Field: History and evolution of the sport</h2>
On the marks, set, go. If only the evolution of track and field were so easy. Instead, it was something that gradually happened over years of evolution.

<img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-2388715" src="https://image-cdn.essentiallysports.com/wp-content/uploads/Track-and-Field-4.jpg" alt="" width="1600" height="900" />

<strong>Ancient-</strong> One of the oldest sports to have existed, the cornerstone of track and field was laid by the Greeks, where men would exhibit their athletic talents as part of celebratory events. Initially limited to foot races, stadion and diaulos were the competitions that comprised the crux of the sport, which has been around since the first Olympics in Ancient Greece, dating back to 776 B.C. Although the Romans continued the games till 394 A.D., when it was banned, the sport saw a resurgence after the decline of the Roman empire. Tracing back to the 16th and 17th centuries, foot races had become a regular sight in Europe.

<strong>Modern</strong>- The 1860s predominantly saw the wave of transformation, wherein the first championships featuring amateur men were held in England. Athletic clubs and organizations sprung up across Europe and the United States, with the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) coming into being in 1887.

<strong>Olympic age</strong>- 1896, was when the first Modern Olympic Games were flagged off in Athens, which included track and field in the sports that debuted.

<strong>20th century</strong>- With athletes flocking from across the world to exhibit their athletic talent, track and field's stature elevated substantially. Technical developments fostered improvements in training and diet, and the track saw the likes of legends like Jesse Owens, Usain Bolt, Flo-Jo, etc coming out at the top.
<h2>What are the major events in track and field?</h2>
Track and field is a sport that covers a plethora of events under its banner. Speaking of the Olympics in particular, it features 48 events, 24 men's events and 24 women's. Care to know what they are?
<table style="border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%;height: 292px">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 50px">
<td style="width: 28.6666%;height: 50px"><strong>Track Discipline</strong></td>
<td style="width: 71.3334%;height: 50px"><strong>Events</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 24px">
<td style="width: 28.6666%;height: 24px">Sprint</td>
<td style="width: 71.3334%;height: 24px">100m, 200m, 400m</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 24px">
<td style="width: 28.6666%;height: 24px">Middle-distance/Long-distance</td>
<td style="width: 71.3334%;height: 24px">800m, 1500m, 5000m, 10000m, 3000m steeplechase</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 24px">
<td style="width: 28.6666%;height: 24px">Hurdles</td>
<td style="width: 71.3334%;height: 24px">100m hurdles, 110m hurdles, 400m hurdles</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 24px">
<td style="width: 28.6666%;height: 24px">Road Running</td>
<td style="width: 71.3334%;height: 24px">Half marathon, marathon</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 24px">
<td style="width: 28.6666%;height: 24px">Race Walks</td>
<td style="width: 71.3334%;height: 24px">20k race walk, 35k race walk</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 24px">
<td style="width: 28.6666%;height: 24px">Relays</td>
<td style="width: 71.3334%;height: 24px">4x100 relay, 4x400 relay, 4x400 relay mixed</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 50px">
<td style="width: 28.6666%;height: 50px"><strong>Field Discipline</strong></td>
<td style="width: 71.3334%;height: 50px"><strong>Events</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 24px">
<td style="width: 28.6666%;height: 24px">Jumps</td>
<td style="width: 71.3334%;height: 24px">High jump, pole vault, long jump, triple jump</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 24px">
<td style="width: 28.6666%;height: 24px">Throws</td>
<td style="width: 71.3334%;height: 24px">Shot put, discus throw, hammer throw, javelin throw</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 28.6666%">Combined Events</td>
<td style="width: 71.3334%">Heptathlon, Decathlon</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 28.6666%">Cross Country</td>
<td style="width: 71.3334%"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 28.6666%">Mountain Running</td>
<td style="width: 71.3334%"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 28.6666%">Ultra Running</td>
<td style="width: 71.3334%"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width: 28.6666%">Trail Running</td>
<td style="width: 71.3334%"></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-2048019" src="https://image-cdn.essentiallysports.com/wp-content/uploads/imago1033652038h.jpg" alt="Diamond League Armand Duplantis" /></h2>
<h2>What are the rules and regulations of track and field in major competitions like the Olympics?</h2>
<strong>Sprinting Rules</strong>
<ul>
 	<li>Most of the sprinting events from 100m to 5000m conduct qualifying rounds before the finals. Usually heats, semifinals, and then the finals. The top three on the finals scoreboard take home gold, silver, and bronze.</li>
 	<li>Sprints, hurdles, and relay races feature starting blocks, followed by the firing of a pistol to commence the race. If a runner starts before the fire, it's called a 'false start.' This will lead to disqualification.</li>
 	<li>100m sprints and 110m/100m hurdles comprise starts where racers are all in one line. Whereas, in the 200m, 400m, 400m hurdles, 4x100m relay, and 400m relay categories, they are placed in staggered positions.</li>
 	<li>Running outside the allocated lanes would also lead to disqualification. If an athlete is forced to cross the lane by another one so that there is no material advantage, they will not be disqualified. The same for a person who strays out or crosses the line, and in doing so, they do not get an advantage, there will be no disqualification.</li>
 	<li>The athlete whose torso crosses the vertical finish line plane will be declared the winner.</li>
</ul>
<strong>Relay Rules</strong>
<ul>
 	<li>For any of the relays, baton handover must not happen beyond the 20m changeover box. If yes, then this would amount to disqualification.</li>
 	<li>The baton should not fall or touch the ground in any way.</li>
</ul>
<strong>Middle Distance Rules</strong>
<ul>
 	<li>There are no starting blocks in these races. Also, athletes line up in an upright position. In 800m, the 8 runners will stand in staggered positions before the start. Through the first turn, they have to stay in their respective lanes, but can then break to the inside. If done very early, then can lead to disqualification.</li>
 	<li>1500m and the steeplechase have group starts, and no fixed lanes are allocated.</li>
 	<li>In steeplechase, if an athlete steps aside during a barrier, they will be disqualified. They can jump above them in any way, but no part of the foot or leg should be below the horizontal plane of the upper bar while they are attempting to clear it.</li>
</ul>
<strong>Long Distance Rules</strong>
<ul>
 	<li>The 10,000m, marathon, race walk, decathlon, and heptathlon are events that directly conduct finals with no qualifying rounds.</li>
 	<li>The starts happen in an upright position and involve no touching of the ground.</li>
 	<li>Usually, these feature mass starts. However given the possibility that there are more than 12 runners in the race, they are divided into staggered groups. The first one will have 65 percent of the athletes that usually appear on a start line.</li>
 	<li>There are no lane assignments. Track athletes can break for positions right after the commencement.</li>
</ul>
<strong>Race Walking Rules</strong>
<ul>
 	<li>The walker must be in contact with the ground continuously. Even the advancing leg should be straight from the instance when it comes in contact with the ground till it goes into the upright position.</li>
 	<li>There are anything between six and nine judges in the event. And they are free to issue warnings upon violations like leg contact or perhaps a bent knee.</li>
 	<li>If participating athletes get warnings from 3 different judges, they get disqualified. Also, if an official medical officer asks them to retire from the race, the competitors must leave.</li>
</ul>
<strong>Jumping Rules</strong>
<ul>
 	<li>High jump- The jump-off must happen from one foot. And given that the athlete makes contact with the crossbar and falls off the supports, it will be counted as a failed attempt. Also, athletes will be given 3 attempts for a particular height. The option to pass a certain height and try for the next is also available. But, if there are 2 failed attempts at a single height, and the athlete skips that to move on to the next, the next should be cleared on the first try.</li>
 	<li>Pole Vault- Participants can use a substance either on their hands or the pole to facilitate a better grip. But, tape on fingers or hands is prohibited, unless there is an open wound. Athletes are also allowed to use their poles, of any material, length, or diameter. If they break, the participants still get another go at it. However, there are three criteria for disqualification. First is when the vaulter makes the crossbar fall by touch. Second is when they move their lower hand above their upper one or their upper hand higher on the pole after leaving the ground. And third, if they steady or replace the bar while conducting the vault.</li>
 	<li>Long Jump- The measurement for the jumps is calculated from the takeoff line to the closest break in the landing area, done by any part of the participant's body. Failed attempts happen on exceeding the takeoff line while jumping, or on taking off from outside either end of the take-off board. Or perhaps touching the ground outside the landing area closer to the take-off line, in comparison to the nearest break in the sand.</li>
 	<li>Triple Jump- There are three stages of a triple jump- a hop, a step, and a jump, all done in the said sequence. Hope and jump have to be made from the same foot used for take-off, while the step involves the other. Failed attempts have identical criteria to the long jump. However, there is one exception, and that is when an athlete makes contact with the ground with their sleeping leg during a jump, it isn't considered a failure.</li>
</ul>
<strong>Decathlon and Heptathlon Rules-</strong>
<ul>
 	<li>The decathlon and heptathlon events are conducted over two consecutive days.</li>
 	<li>In both these events, 3 attempts in the long jump, shot put, discus, and javelin throw are allowed. And a single false start in track events is allowed.</li>
</ul>
<strong>Throwing Rules-</strong>
<ul>
 	<li>Shot, discuss, and hammer throw are all done from within the demarcated throwing circles. While the javelin throw features a runway. Crossing either while a throwing attempt is made will count as a failed attempt.</li>
 	<li>Also, the athletes must not exit and stay in the throwing area until the javelin or the respective implement touches the ground. And for it to be considered a valid throw, they should land within the landing zone.</li>
 	<li>Gloves are only permitted in hammer throw, while any sort of tape is not allowed unless there is an open wound on the hands or the fingers.</li>
</ul>
[caption id="attachment_688450" align="aligncenter" width="1920"]<img class="size-full wp-image-688450" src="https://image-cdn.essentiallysports.com/wp-content/uploads/GettyImages-1324305797.jpg" alt="" width="1920" height="1280" /> EUGENE, OREGON - JUNE 18: Ryan Crouser competes in the Men's Shot Put final during day one of the 2020 U.S. Olympic Track &amp; Field Team Trials at Hayward Field on June 18, 2021 in Eugene, Oregon. (Photo by Andy Lyons/Getty Images)[/caption]
<h2>What are the major track and field championships?</h2>
Some of the pivotal athletic competitions include-
<ul>
 	<li>The Athletics World Championships (Once every 2 years)</li>
 	<li>Olympic Games (Once every 4 years)</li>
 	<li>Commonwealth Games (Once every 4 years)</li>
 	<li>World Indoor Championships (Once every 2 years)</li>
 	<li>World Diamond League Meetings (Every year)</li>
 	<li>World Athletics Relays (Biennial)</li>
 	<li>Marathon Majors (Every year)</li>
 	<li>World Athletics Cross Country Championships (Biennial)</li>
 	<li>New York Marathon (Every year)</li>
</ul>
<h2>Who are the greatest track and field stars of all time?</h2>
Here are some of the most decorated track and field athletes of all time:
<table style="height: 400px;width: 100%;border-collapse: collapse">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 24px">
<td style="width: 20%;height: 29px">Name</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 29px">Country</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 29px">Event</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 29px">Olympic medals</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 29px">Personal best</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 17px">
<td style="width: 20%;height: 10px">Paavo Nurmi</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 10px">Finland</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 10px">Middle and Long Distance Runner</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 10px">Â 12 medals- 9G, 3S</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 10px">10000m - 30:06.2h

3000m - 8:20.4h

5000m- 14:28.2h</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 56px">
<td style="width: 20%;height: 56px">Carl Lewis</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 56px">United States

&nbsp;</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 56px">100m,200m, Long Jump, 4x100m relay</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 56px">10 medals- 9G, 1S</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 56px">Long Jump- 8.87

100m- 9.86

200m- 19.75</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 56px">
<td style="width: 20%;height: 56px">Usain Bolt</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 56px">Jamaica</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 56px">100m, 200m, 4x100m relay</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 56px">8 medals- 8G</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 56px">100m- 9.58 (WR, AR)

200m- 19.19 (WR, AR)</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 56px">
<td style="width: 20%;height: 56px">Jesse Owens</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 56px">United States</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 56px">100m, 200m, Long Jump, 4x100m relay</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 56px">4 medals- 4G</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 56px">100m- 10.2h

200m- 20.7h

4x100m relay- 39.8h

Long Jump- 8.13</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 56px">
<td style="width: 20%;height: 56px">Allyson Felix</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 56px">United States</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 56px">200m, 4x400m relay, 4x100m relay, 400m</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 56px">11 medals- 7G, 3S, 1B</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 56px">200m- 21.69

400m- 49.26

4x100m relay- 40.82

4x400m relay- 31.16.85</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 96px">
<td style="width: 20%;height: 96px">Florence Griffith Joyner</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 96px">United States</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 96px">100m, 200, 4x100m relay, 4x400m relay</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 96px">5 medals- 3G, 2S</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 96px">100m- 10.49

200m- 21.34</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
[caption id="attachment_761704" align="aligncenter" width="1920"]<img class="size-full wp-image-761704" src="https://image-cdn.essentiallysports.com/wp-content/uploads/GettyImages-166165212.jpg" alt="Usain Bolt" width="1920" height="1280" /> Usain Bolt of Jamaica reacts as he wins the Olympic mens 200m final in a new world record time in the Birds Nest stadium, Beijing on August 20th 2008 in Beijing, China (Photo by Tom Jenkins/Getty Images). An image from the book "In The Moment" published June 2012[/caption]

&nbsp;
<table style="height: 400px;width: 100%;border-collapse: collapse">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 96px">
<td style="width: 20%;height: 96px">Jackie Joyner-Kersee</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 96px">United States</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 96px">Heptathlon, Long Jump</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 96px">6 medals- 3G, 1S, 2B</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 96px">Heptathlon- 1331

Long Jump- 7.49</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 56px">
<td style="width: 20%;height: 56px">Bob Beamon</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 56px">United States</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 56px">Long Jump</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 56px">1 medal- 1G</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 56px">Long Jump- 8.90</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 80px">
<td style="width: 20%;height: 80px">Javie Sotomayor</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 80px">Cuba</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 80px">High Jump</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 80px">2 medals- 1G, 1S</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 80px">High Jump- 2.45 (WR)</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 80px">
<td style="width: 20%;height: 80px">Jan Zelezny</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 80px">Czechia</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 80px">Javelin Throw</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 80px">4 medals- 3G, 1S</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 80px">Javelin Throw- 98.48 (WR)</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 96px">
<td style="width: 20%;height: 96px">&nbsp;

Haile Gebrselassie</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 96px">Ethiopia</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 96px">Long Distance Runner</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 96px">2 medals- 2G</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 96px">10000m- 26:22.75

5000m- 12:39.36</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 56px">
<td style="width: 20%;height: 56px">AI Oerter</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 56px">United States</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 56px">Discus Throw</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 56px">4 medals- 4G</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 56px">Discus Throw- 69.46</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 56px">
<td style="width: 20%;height: 56px">Sergey Bubka</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 56px">Ukraine</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 56px">Pole Vault</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 56px">1 medal- 1G</td>
<td style="width: 20%;height: 56px">Pole Vault- 6.15</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

TRACK AND FIELD

Speed. Technique. Thrill. Track and Field is a sport that incorporates all this and more. Races so electrifying that they bring the house down, speeds so blazing that you might miss them in the blink of an eye, and rivalries so intense that there is a constant tussle for dominance. Well, the recently concluded 2024 Paris Olympics provided a hearty dose of track action. And now, the ongoing Diamond League circuit is ensuring that track fans continue to be on the edge of their seats. But, do you know what the initial days of this fascinating sport looked like? Track and Field: History and evolution of the sport On the marks, set, go. If only the evolution of track and field were so easy. Instead, it was something that gradually happened over years of evolution. Ancient- One of the oldest sports to have existed, the cornerstone of track and field was laid by the Greeks, where men would exhibit their athletic talents as part of celebratory events. Initially limited to foot races, stadion and diaulos were the competitions that comprised the crux of the sport, which has been around since the first Olympics in Ancient Greece, dating back to 776 B.C. Although the Romans continued the games till 394 A.D., when it was banned, the sport saw a resurgence after the decline of the Roman empire. Tracing back to the 16th and 17th centuries, foot races had become a regular sight in Europe. Modern&#8211; The 1860s predominantly saw the wave of transformation, wherein the first championships featuring amateur men were held in England. Athletic clubs and organizations sprung up across Europe and the United States, with the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) coming into being in 1887. Olympic age&#8211; 1896, was when the first Modern Olympic Games were flagged off in Athens, which included track and field in the sports that debuted. 20th century&#8211; With athletes flocking from across the world to exhibit their athletic talent, track and field&#8217;s stature elevated substantially. Technical developments fostered improvements in training and diet, and the track saw the likes of legends like Jesse Owens, Usain Bolt, Flo-Jo, etc coming out at the top. What are the major events in track and field? Track and field is a sport that covers a plethora of events under its banner. Speaking of the Olympics in particular, it features 48 events, 24 men&#8217;s events and 24 women&#8217;s. Care to know what they are?  Track Discipline Events  Sprint 100m, 200m, 400m  Middle-distance/Long-distance 800m, 1500m, 5000m, 10000m, 3000m steeplechase  Hurdles 100m hurdles, 110m hurdles, 400m hurdles  Road Running Half marathon, marathon  Race Walks 20k race walk, 35k race walk  Relays 4&#215;100 relay, 4&#215;400 relay, 4&#215;400 relay mixed  Field Discipline Events  Jumps High jump, pole vault, long jump, triple jump  Throws Shot put, discus throw, hammer throw, javelin throw  Combined Events Heptathlon, Decathlon  Cross Country  Mountain Running  Ultra Running  Trail Running   What are the rules and regulations of track and field in major competitions like the Olympics? Sprinting Rules Most of the sprinting events from 100m to 5000m conduct qualifying rounds before the finals. Usually heats, semifinals, and then the finals. The top three on the finals scoreboard take home gold, silver, and bronze. Sprints, hurdles, and relay races feature starting blocks, followed by the firing of a pistol to commence the race. If a runner starts before the fire, it&#8217;s called a &#8216;false start.&#8217; This will lead to disqualification. 100m sprints and 110m/100m hurdles comprise starts where racers are all in one line. Whereas, in the 200m, 400m, 400m hurdles, 4x100m relay, and 400m relay categories, they are placed in staggered positions. Running outside the allocated lanes would also lead to disqualification. If an athlete is forced to cross the lane by another one so that there is no material advantage, they will not be disqualified. The same for a person who strays out or crosses the line, and in doing so, they do not get an advantage, there will be no disqualification. The athlete whose torso crosses the vertical finish line plane will be declared the winner. Relay Rules For any of the relays, baton handover must not happen beyond the 20m changeover box. If yes, then this would amount to disqualification. The baton should not fall or touch the ground in any way. Middle Distance Rules There are no starting blocks in these races. Also, athletes line up in an upright position. In 800m, the 8 runners will stand in staggered positions before the start. Through the first turn, they have to stay in their respective lanes, but can then break to the inside. If done very early, then can lead to disqualification. 1500m and the steeplechase have group starts, and no fixed lanes are allocated. In steeplechase, if an athlete steps aside during a barrier, they will be disqualified. They can jump above them in any way, but no part of the foot or leg should be below the horizontal plane of the upper bar while they are attempting to clear it. Long Distance Rules The 10,000m, marathon, race walk, decathlon, and heptathlon are events that directly conduct finals with no qualifying rounds. The starts happen in an upright position and involve no touching of the ground. Usually, these feature mass starts. However given the possibility that there are more than 12 runners in the race, they are divided into staggered groups. The first one will have 65 percent of the athletes that usually appear on a start line. There are no lane assignments. Track athletes can break for positions right after the commencement. Race Walking Rules The walker must be in contact with the ground continuously. Even the advancing leg should be straight from the instance when it comes in contact with the ground till it goes into the upright position. There are anything between six and nine judges in the event. And they are free to issue warnings upon violations like leg contact or perhaps a bent knee. If participating athletes get warnings from 3 different judges, they get disqualified. Also, if an official medical officer asks them to retire from the race, the competitors must leave. Jumping Rules High jump- The jump-off must happen from one foot. And given that the athlete makes contact with the crossbar and falls off the supports, it will be counted as a failed attempt. Also, athletes will be given 3 attempts for a particular height. The option to pass a certain height and try for the next is also available. But, if there are 2 failed attempts at a single height, and the athlete skips that to move on to the next, the next should be cleared on the first try. Pole Vault- Participants can use a substance either on their hands or the pole to facilitate a better grip. But, tape on fingers or hands is prohibited, unless there is an open wound. Athletes are also allowed to use their poles, of any material, length, or diameter. If they break, the participants still get another go at it. However, there are three criteria for disqualification. First is when the vaulter makes the crossbar fall by touch. Second is when they move their lower hand above their upper one or their upper hand higher on the pole after leaving the ground. And third, if they steady or replace the bar while conducting the vault. Long Jump- The measurement for the jumps is calculated from the takeoff line to the closest break in the landing area, done by any part of the participant&#8217;s body. Failed attempts happen on exceeding the takeoff line while jumping, or on taking off from outside either end of the take-off board. Or perhaps touching the ground outside the landing area closer to the take-off line, in comparison to the nearest break in the sand. Triple Jump- There are three stages of a triple jump- a hop, a step, and a jump, all done in the said sequence. Hope and jump have to be made from the same foot used for take-off, while the step involves the other. Failed attempts have identical criteria to the long jump. However, there is one exception, and that is when an athlete makes contact with the ground with their sleeping leg during a jump, it isn&#8217;t considered a failure. Decathlon and Heptathlon Rules- The decathlon and heptathlon events are conducted over two consecutive days. In both these events, 3 attempts in the long jump, shot put, discus, and javelin throw are allowed. And a single false start in track events is allowed. Throwing Rules- Shot, discuss, and hammer throw are all done from within the demarcated throwing circles. While the javelin throw features a runway. Crossing either while a throwing attempt is made will count as a failed attempt. Also, the athletes must not exit and stay in the throwing area until the javelin or the respective implement touches the ground. And for it to be considered a valid throw, they should land within the landing zone. Gloves are only permitted in hammer throw, while any sort of tape is not allowed unless there is an open wound on the hands or the fingers. EUGENE, OREGON &#8211; JUNE 18: Ryan Crouser competes in the Men&#8217;s Shot Put final during day one of the 2020 U.S. Olympic Track &amp; Field Team Trials at Hayward Field on June 18, 2021 in Eugene, Oregon. (Photo by Andy Lyons/Getty Images) What are the major track and field championships? Some of the pivotal athletic competitions include- The Athletics World Championships (Once every 2 years) Olympic Games (Once every 4 years) Commonwealth Games (Once every 4 years) World Indoor Championships (Once every 2 years) World Diamond League Meetings (Every year) World Athletics Relays (Biennial) Marathon Majors (Every year) World Athletics Cross Country Championships (Biennial) New York Marathon (Every year) Who are the greatest track and field stars of all time? Here are some of the most decorated track and field athletes of all time:  Name Country Event Olympic medals Personal best  Paavo Nurmi Finland Middle and Long Distance Runner Â 12 medals- 9G, 3S 10000m &#8211; 30:06.2h 3000m &#8211; 8:20.4h 5000m- 14:28.2h  Carl Lewis United States &nbsp; 100m,200m, Long Jump, 4x100m relay 10 medals- 9G, 1S Long Jump- 8.87 100m- 9.86 200m- 19.75  Usain Bolt Jamaica 100m, 200m, 4x100m relay 8 medals- 8G 100m- 9.58 (WR, AR) 200m- 19.19 (WR, AR)  Jesse Owens United States 100m, 200m, Long Jump, 4x100m relay 4 medals- 4G 100m- 10.2h 200m- 20.7h 4x100m relay- 39.8h Long Jump- 8.13  Allyson Felix United States 200m, 4x400m relay, 4x100m relay, 400m 11 medals- 7G, 3S, 1B 200m- 21.69 400m- 49.26 4x100m relay- 40.82 4x400m relay- 31.16.85  Florence Griffith Joyner United States 100m, 200, 4x100m relay, 4x400m relay 5 medals- 3G, 2S 100m- 10.49 200m- 21.34  Usain Bolt of Jamaica reacts as he wins the Olympic mens 200m final in a new world record time in the Birds Nest stadium, Beijing on August 20th 2008 in Beijing, China (Photo by Tom Jenkins/Getty Images). An image from the book &#8220;In The Moment&#8221; published June 2012 &nbsp;  Jackie Joyner-Kersee United States Heptathlon, Long Jump 6 medals- 3G, 1S, 2B Heptathlon- 1331 Long Jump- 7.49  Bob Beamon United States Long Jump 1 medal- 1G Long Jump- 8.90  Javie Sotomayor Cuba High Jump 2 medals- 1G, 1S High Jump- 2.45 (WR)  Jan Zelezny Czechia Javelin Throw 4 medals- 3G, 1S Javelin Throw- 98.48 (WR)  &nbsp; Haile Gebrselassie Ethiopia Long Distance Runner 2 medals- 2G 10000m- 26:22.75 5000m- 12:39.36  AI Oerter United States Discus Throw 4 medals- 4G Discus Throw- 69.46  Sergey Bubka Ukraine Pole Vault 1 medal- 1G Pole Vault- 6.15

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WATCH: Ferdinand Omanyala Causes Major Upset to Fred Kerley; Defeats Him to Become World Leader at Continental Gold Tour

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<h3><b> Fred Kerley 2023: Net Worth, Salary &amp; Endorsements</b></h3>
The world of athletics has a new star in Fred Kerley. He is one of the best sprinters in the world and <a href="https://www.essentiallysports.com/us-sports-news-olympics-news-athletics-news-track-and-fild-news-real-dogs-come-out-fred-kerley-takes-a-dig-at-reigning-100m-olympic-gold-medalist/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">an Olympic silver medalist.</a> Not only that, he is an able runner in all the major track events- the 100, 200, and 400. Being a unique athlete, Kerley's performances are impressive to date. He also shares a unique record of being one of three athletes to clock sub10 in 100, sub20 in 200, and sub44 seconds in the 400-meters competitions. Thus, he is becoming one of the mainstays in the athletics world.

<img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-894518" src="https://image-cdn.essentiallysports.com/wp-content/uploads/fred-kerley.png" alt="" width="1268" height="847" />

The net worth of Kerley is estimated to be around $5 million, though the exact figure is not known. His earnings are a result of prize money from his wins and his brand endorsements. Fred Kerley has endorsements deals with Nike,
PACE (a sports management and marketing company) and CXP. In 2023, the sprinter signed a brand deal with the leading footwear brand, ASICS.
<h3 class="jsx-8c85ea4b4bcf4dfc">Early life</h3>
Born on May 7th, 1995, the Texas man was brought up in tough conditions. He was <a class="jsx-2b55705d932ea6e9" href="https://www.wiki.ng/en/wiki/meet-fred-kerley-father-and-mother-where-are-his-parents-from-2-680374">born</a> to Ricky Kerley and Virginia Kerley, who was later adopted by his aunt, Virginia. He had two brothers and two sisters. As the siblings were about to split up, his aunt took care of all of them and helped them grow. Kerley has great respect for his aunt and remains the most influential person in his life. Hailing from a sporting family, Kerley's brother Jeremy Kerley, played wide receiver for the NFL side, New York Jets.
<h3 class="jsx-8c85ea4b4bcf4dfc">Fred Kerley's Career</h3>
The famous athlete attended Taylor High School after which he attended Southern Plains College. Later on, he got transferred to Texas A&amp;M. He tried to get selected for the 2016 US Olympic team but did not make the team. After that, he won the 400-meter NCAA Division I Championships. With that, he started gaining confidence and represented the USA at the 2017 World Championships. There he helped the relay team to win a silver medal at the 4 × 400-meter relay competition. That was followed by a 400-meters victory at the Diamond League in 2018.

His career skyrocketed from there as he started winning different races. Yet again, he appeared for his country at the 2019 World Championships in Doha as he took home the gold medal for the 4 × 400-meter competition, this time around. Success followed from there as he shifted his focus from the 400 meters to the 100 meters. On May 19, 2021, Kerley defeated Justin Gatlin at the Golden Spike in Ostrava, to win the race. He also ran the 200 meters and placed second.

[caption id="attachment_738046" align="aligncenter" width="1920"]<img class="size-full wp-image-738046" src="https://image-cdn.essentiallysports.com/wp-content/uploads/2021-08-01T133303Z_631885579_SP1EH8111N1B2_RTRMADP_3_OLYMPICS-2020-ATH-M-100M-FNL.jpg" alt="" width="1920" height="1280" /> Tokyo 2020 Olympics - Athletics - Men's 100m - Final - OLS - Olympic Stadium, Tokyo, Japan - August 1, 2021. Fred Kerley of the United States after winning silver REUTERS/Andrew Boyers[/caption]

The breakthrough in his career came at the US Olympic Trials for the 2020 Tokyo Summer Olympics. He posted a time of 19.90, recording 19.90 to join the company of Wayde van Niekerk and Michael Norman. These three men have sub10 seconds in 100, sub20 in 200, and sub44 in the 400-meter race. Kerley has personal best <a class="jsx-2b55705d932ea6e9" href="https://worldathletics.org/athletes/united-states/fred-kerley-14504382">times</a> of 9.84 in the 100, 19.76 in the 200, and 43.64 in the 400-meters competition. To sum up, his career kick-started from there as he won the silver medal at the Tokyo Olympics 2020.

In 2022, Fred Kerley ended the season with a 9.86 in the 100m race. Kerley began the 2023 season in Yokohama, where he won his first 100 meters of the season. Kerley finished the 100m in 9.91 seconds at the Golden Grand Prix, a World Athletics Continental Tour Gold event. He continued his winning streak when he won the 400m at the Sydney Track Classic in 44.65 seconds. At the Doha Diamond League 2023, in the men’s 200 meters, American Fred Kerley stormed to victory in lane seven, clocking 19.92 seconds. On 28 May 2023, he won the 100m race at the Doha Diamond League, with a time of 9.94 seconds.
<h3><b>Fred Kerley’s Olympic feats and other achievements</b></h3>
On 1st August 2021, Kerley came in second in the 100m race during the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, his first Olympic games, thus earning a silver medal with a time of 9.84. Kerley has been the Worl Champion twice, once in the 100m race in 2023 with a time of 9.86 and also in 2019 in the <a>4x400 Metres Relay with a time of 2:56.69. He won the Diamond League finals in 2021 in the 100m and in 2018 in the 400m category. </a>In 2018, he won the silver in the World Indoor Championships in the 4x400 Metres Relay.

[caption id="attachment_738048" align="aligncenter" width="1920"]<img class="size-full wp-image-738048" src="https://image-cdn.essentiallysports.com/wp-content/uploads/2021-08-02T100900Z_1694634346_SP1EH820S6XA0_RTRMADP_3_OLYMPICS-2020-ATH-M-100M-MEDAL.jpg" alt="Fred Kerley" width="1920" height="1314" /> Tokyo 2020 Olympics - Athletics - Men's 100m - Medal Ceremony - Olympic Stadium, Tokyo, Japan - August 2, 2021. Silver medallist, Fred Kerley of the United States poses on the podium REUTERS/Dylan Martinez[/caption]

<a href="https://www.essentiallysports.com/us-sports-news-olympics-news-track-and-field-news-if-they-can-do-it-then-why-not-us-american-sprinter-fred-kerley-remains-determined-to-break-usain-bolts-long-standing-world-record/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">When it comes to world rankings</a>, Kerley is at number 2 in the world in the men's 100m category, number 13 in the men's 200m category, and ranks on number 15 overall in the men's category. His personal bests include finishing the 100m in 9.76 seconds, the 200m in 19.76 seconds, and the 400m in 43.64 seconds. Kerley has placed first in the National Championships thrice, in 2022 in the 100m with a time of 9.77, in 2019 in the 400m with a time of 43.64, and in 2017 in the 400m with a time of 44.03.
<h3><b>Fred Kerley’s personal life</b></h3>
Kerley seems to be a private person, and he has no wife currently. He has also not revealed the name of any girlfriend, partner, or significant other in his life right now. It seems like Fred Kerley is concentrating on his career, and gearing up for the 2024 Paris Olympics.
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-weight: 400">Name</span></td>
<td><span style="font-weight: 400">Fred Kerley</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-weight: 400">Born</span></td>
<td><span style="font-weight: 400">May 7th, 1995</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-weight: 400">Place of Birth</span></td>
<td><span style="font-weight: 400">San Antonio, Texas, United States</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-weight: 400">Nationality</span></td>
<td><span style="font-weight: 400">American</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-weight: 400">Parents</span></td>
<td><span style="font-weight: 400">Ricky and Virginia Kerley</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-weight: 400">Height</span></td>
<td><span style="font-weight: 400">6’2”</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-weight: 400">Weight</span></td>
<td><span style="font-weight: 400">205lb</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-weight: 400">Partner</span></td>
<td><span style="font-weight: 400">None</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-weight: 400">Kids</span></td>
<td><span style="font-weight: 400">None</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-weight: 400">Social Media</span></td>
<td><a href="https://www.instagram.com/fkerley99/?hl=en"><span style="font-weight: 400">fkerley99</span></a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="jsx-1883686743"></div>

Fred Kerley

 Fred Kerley 2023: Net Worth, Salary &amp; Endorsements The world of athletics has a new star in Fred Kerley. He is one of the best sprinters in the world and an Olympic silver medalist. Not only that, he is an able runner in all the major track events- the 100, 200, and 400. Being a unique athlete, Kerley&#8217;s performances are impressive to date. He also shares a unique record of being one of three athletes to clock sub10 in 100, sub20 in 200, and sub44 seconds in the 400-meters competitions. Thus, he is becoming one of the mainstays in the athletics world. The net worth of Kerley is estimated to be around $5 million, though the exact figure is not known. His earnings are a result of prize money from his wins and his brand endorsements. Fred Kerley has endorsements deals with Nike, PACE (a sports management and marketing company) and CXP. In 2023, the sprinter signed a brand deal with the leading footwear brand, ASICS. Early life Born on May 7th, 1995, the Texas man was brought up in tough conditions. He was born to Ricky Kerley and Virginia Kerley, who was later adopted by his aunt, Virginia. He had two brothers and two sisters. As the siblings were about to split up, his aunt took care of all of them and helped them grow. Kerley has great respect for his aunt and remains the most influential person in his life. Hailing from a sporting family, Kerley&#8217;s brother Jeremy Kerley, played wide receiver for the NFL side, New York Jets. Fred Kerley&#8217;s Career The famous athlete attended Taylor High School after which he attended Southern Plains College. Later on, he got transferred to Texas A&amp;M. He tried to get selected for the 2016 US Olympic team but did not make the team. After that, he won the 400-meter NCAA Division I Championships. With that, he started gaining confidence and represented the USA at the 2017 World Championships. There he helped the relay team to win a silver medal at the 4 × 400-meter relay competition. That was followed by a 400-meters victory at the Diamond League in 2018. His career skyrocketed from there as he started winning different races. Yet again, he appeared for his country at the 2019 World Championships in Doha as he took home the gold medal for the 4 × 400-meter competition, this time around. Success followed from there as he shifted his focus from the 400 meters to the 100 meters. On May 19, 2021, Kerley defeated Justin Gatlin at the Golden Spike in Ostrava, to win the race. He also ran the 200 meters and placed second. Tokyo 2020 Olympics &#8211; Athletics &#8211; Men&#8217;s 100m &#8211; Final &#8211; OLS &#8211; Olympic Stadium, Tokyo, Japan &#8211; August 1, 2021. Fred Kerley of the United States after winning silver REUTERS/Andrew Boyers The breakthrough in his career came at the US Olympic Trials for the 2020 Tokyo Summer Olympics. He posted a time of 19.90, recording 19.90 to join the company of Wayde van Niekerk and Michael Norman. These three men have sub10 seconds in 100, sub20 in 200, and sub44 in the 400-meter race. Kerley has personal best times of 9.84 in the 100, 19.76 in the 200, and 43.64 in the 400-meters competition. To sum up, his career kick-started from there as he won the silver medal at the Tokyo Olympics 2020. In 2022, Fred Kerley ended the season with a 9.86 in the 100m race. Kerley began the 2023 season in Yokohama, where he won his first 100 meters of the season. Kerley finished the 100m in 9.91 seconds at the Golden Grand Prix, a World Athletics Continental Tour Gold event. He continued his winning streak when he won the 400m at the Sydney Track Classic in 44.65 seconds. At the Doha Diamond League 2023, in the men’s 200 meters, American Fred Kerley stormed to victory in lane seven, clocking 19.92 seconds. On 28 May 2023, he won the 100m race at the Doha Diamond League, with a time of 9.94 seconds. Fred Kerley’s Olympic feats and other achievements On 1st August 2021, Kerley came in second in the 100m race during the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, his first Olympic games, thus earning a silver medal with a time of 9.84. Kerley has been the Worl Champion twice, once in the 100m race in 2023 with a time of 9.86 and also in 2019 in the 4&#215;400 Metres Relay with a time of 2:56.69. He won the Diamond League finals in 2021 in the 100m and in 2018 in the 400m category. In 2018, he won the silver in the World Indoor Championships in the 4&#215;400 Metres Relay. Tokyo 2020 Olympics &#8211; Athletics &#8211; Men&#8217;s 100m &#8211; Medal Ceremony &#8211; Olympic Stadium, Tokyo, Japan &#8211; August 2, 2021. Silver medallist, Fred Kerley of the United States poses on the podium REUTERS/Dylan Martinez When it comes to world rankings, Kerley is at number 2 in the world in the men&#8217;s 100m category, number 13 in the men&#8217;s 200m category, and ranks on number 15 overall in the men&#8217;s category. His personal bests include finishing the 100m in 9.76 seconds, the 200m in 19.76 seconds, and the 400m in 43.64 seconds. Kerley has placed first in the National Championships thrice, in 2022 in the 100m with a time of 9.77, in 2019 in the 400m with a time of 43.64, and in 2017 in the 400m with a time of 44.03. Fred Kerley’s personal life Kerley seems to be a private person, and he has no wife currently. He has also not revealed the name of any girlfriend, partner, or significant other in his life right now. It seems like Fred Kerley is concentrating on his career, and gearing up for the 2024 Paris Olympics.  Name Fred Kerley  Born May 7th, 1995  Place of Birth San Antonio, Texas, United States  Nationality American  Parents Ricky and Virginia Kerley  Height 6’2”  Weight 205lb  Partner None  Kids None  Social Media fkerley99

WATCH: Ferdinand Omanyala Causes Major Upset to Fred Kerley; Defeats Him to Become World Leader at Continental Gold Tour

Fred Kerley faces a huge upset at the Kip Keino Classic